Articles
DOI DOI: 10.33200/ijcer.1064934

Examining the Relationships between the Burnout Levels and Creative Thinking Levels of Special Education Teachers

Abstract

In this study, the relationships between the burnout and creative thinking levels of special education teachers (SET) were examined. In line with this purpose, 214 special education teachers were reached. Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator’s Survey and Marmara Creative Thinking Tendency Scale were used in the study. As a result of the screening conducted based on the purpose, it was revealed that the creative thinking tendencies of SETs decrease as their burnout levels increase; their creative thinking, self-discipline, novelty-seeking, courage, curiosity, and flexibility levels decrease as their emotional exhaustion levels increase; and their creative thinking, self-discipline, novelty-seeking, courage, curiosity, doubt, and flexibility levels increase as their personal accomplishment levels increase. In conclusion, improving the salaries, providing trainings on scientific-based practices, and organizing in-service trainings were suggested in the study in order to reduce the burnout of SETs and increase their creative thinking tendencies.

How to Cite

GAZELCİ, R. S., GUVEN, D., & GÜLAY OGELMAN, H. (2022). Examining the Relationships between the Burnout Levels and Creative Thinking Levels of Special Education Teachers. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 9(3), 509–518. https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.1064934

References

  1. • Alavinia, P. & Pashazadeh, F. (2018). Probing teacher creativity in the light of motivation, self-efficacy and burnout. International Journal of English Language & Translation Studies, 6(4), 58-68. http://www.eltsjournal.org/archive/value6%20issue4/8-6-4-18.pdf
  2. • Al-Bawaliz, M., Arbeyat, A. & Hammadneh, B. (2015). Emotional intelligence and its relationship with burnout among special education teachers in Jordan : An analytical descriptive study on the southern territory. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(34), 88-95. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1086102.pdf
  3. • Artıran, M., Er, A. &Artıran, M. (2019). Özel eğitim öğretmenlerinde negatif düşüncelerin tükenmişlik düzeyi ve iş doyumu ile ilişkisi. İlköğretim Online, 18(4), 2027-2040. https://doi:10.17051/ilkonline.2019.639401
  4. • Aslan, E. (2001). Kavram boyutunda yaratıcılık, Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 16(2),15-22. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/200086
  5. • Arslan, G. & Aslan, G. (2014). Zihin engelli bireylere eğitim veren öğretmenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi (Tokat ili örneği). Journal of Educational Sciences Research, 4(2), 49-66. http://ebad-jesr.com
  6. • Awa, W., Plaumann, M. & Walter, U. (2010). Burnout prevention: A review of intervention programs. Patient Education and Counseling,78(2), 184–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2009.04.008
  7. • Bataineh, O. & Alsagheer, A. (2012). An investıgatıon of social support and burnout among special education teachers in the Unıted Arab Emırates. Internatıonal Journal of Special Education 27(2), 5-13. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ982856.pdf
  8. • Beck, C., & Gargiula, R. M. (1986). Burnout in teachers of retarded and nonretarted children. Journal of Educational Research, 76(3), 169-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.1983.10885444
  9. • Borg, M. & Riding, R. J. (1991) ‘Stress in teaching: A study of occupational stres and its determinants, job satisfaction and career commitment among primary school teachers’. Educational Psychology, 11(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341910110104
  10. • Brunsting, N., Sreckovic, M. & Lane, K. (2014). Special education teacher burnout: A synthesis of research from 1979 to 2013. Education and Treatment of Children, 37(4), 681-712. https://doi.org/10.1353/etc.2014.0032
  11. • Chaplain, R. P. (1995). Stress and jobsatisfaction: A study of English primary school teachers. Educational Psychology, 15(4), 473-489. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341950150409
  12. • Cordes, C. L., & Dougherty, T. W. (1993). A reviewand an integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18(4), 621-656. https://doi.org/10.2307/258593
  13. • Çam, O. (1999). Tükenmişlik üzerine bir değerlendirme. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 81-93. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/836477
  14. • Dere Çiftçi, H. (2015). Özel eğitim merkezlerinde çalışan öğretmenlerin mesleki yetkinlik ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Mediterrean Journal of Humanities, 5(1), 221-241. https://9lib.net/document/dzx892oq-merkezlerinde-calisan-oegretmenlerin-tuekenmislik-duezeyleri-arasindaki-i-liskinin-belirlenmesi.html
  15. • Doğan, N. (2015). Yaratıcı düşünme ve yaratıcılık. Ö. Demirel (Ed), Eğitimde yeni yönelimler içinde (167-198). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  16. • De Carvalho, A. T. (2014). Assessing the climate for creativity in mathematic's lessons. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational & SocialSciences (EPESS), 1, 427-434. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/333255
  17. • Emery, D. W., & Vandenberg, B. (2010). Special education teacher burnout and act, International Journal Of Special Education, 25(3), 119-131. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ909042.pdf
  18. • Ergin, C. (1992). Doktor ve Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeğinin Uyarlanması, VII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi Bilimsel Çalışmaları, 22-25 Eylül 1992, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, VII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi Düzenleme Kurulu ve Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayını, Ankara.
  19. • Fernet, C., Guay, F., Snecal, C., & Austin, S. (2012). Predicting intraindividual changes in teacher burnout: The role of perceived school environment and motivational factors. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(4), 514-525. http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2012_FernetGuaySenecalAustin_TTE.pdf
  20. • Fore, C., Martin, C. & Bender, W. (2002). Teacher burnout in special education: The causes and the recommended solutions. University of North Carolina Press, 86(1), 36-44. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40364344?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  21. • Girgin, G., & Baysal, A. (2005). Tükenmişlik sendromuna bir örnek: Zihinsel engelli öğrencilere eğitim veren öğretmenlerin mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyi. Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 4(4), 172-187. https://www.acarindex.com/pdfs/167291
  22. • Girgin, G. ve Baysal, A. (2005). Zihinsel engelli öğrencilere eğitim veren öğretmenlerin mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyi ve bazı değişkenler. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(18), 1-10. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/114751
  23. • Gladding, S. T. (2011). Using creativity and the creative arts in counseling: An international approach. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4(35), 1-7. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/200140
  24. • Goddard, R., O’Brien, P., & Goddard, M. (2006).Work environment predictors of beginning teacher burnout. British Educational Research Journal, 32(6),857–874. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920600989511
  25. • Gönüldaş, H. (2017). Özel eğitim öğretmen adaylarının ve öğretmenlerinin öz-yeterlik algıları ile kaygı ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=HVjXOm9zKrYK8yZdkGlsUg&no=7sJLawgf_7BWm_b2IqNsiQ
  26. • Güven, D. (2021a). Destek eğitim odası öğretmeninin rol ve sorumlulukları. Trakya Eğitim Dergisi, 11(1), 450-463. https://doi.org/10.24315/tred.770595
  27. • Güven, D. (2021b). Zihin yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin devam ettiği destek eğitim odası hizmetine yönelik bir durum çalışması. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 22(4), 895-919. https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.731858
  28. • İnce, N. B. ve Şahin, A. E. (2015). Maslach tükenmişlik envanteri-eğitimci formu’nun Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 6(2), 385-399. https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.97301
  29. • Kaff, M. (2004). Multitasking is multitaxing: Why special educators are leaving the field. Preventing School Failure,48(2),10-17. https://www.proquest.com/openview/ceea6537f1acb0297f88a56b10c1d338/1?cbl=16028&pq-origsite=gscholar
  30. • Karahan, Ş. ve Balat, G. U. (2011). Özel eğitim okullarında çalışan eğitimcilerin özyeterlik algılarının ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 1-14. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/114592
  31. • Karanca, A. (2012). Özel eğitim kurumlarındaki eğitilebilir ve öğretilebilir bireylerle çalışan öğretmenlerin mesleki tükenmişliklerinin incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yükseklisans Tezi, Maltepe Üniversitesi. http://openaccess.maltepe.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.12415/737/436926.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  32. • Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  33. • Kaya, Ö. (2008). Inclusion and bornout: examining general education teachers’ experiences in Turkey. Unpublished doctora dissertation, Indiana University. https://www.proquest.com/docview/219985871?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true
  34. • Kocaman. A. (2018). Özel eğitim okullarında çalışan öğretmenlerin tükenmişlik düzeyleri ile sınıf yönetimi becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=BHxPIfOcBP1dFfPwrSd78g&no=wcjmATUOmnoiLsjtvSWvBQ
  35. • Kuşçu, Ö. (2020). Özel eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin mesleki benlik saygıları ile tükenmişlik düzeylerinin farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi, Eğitimde Yeni Yaklaşımlar, Konya: Çizgi Kitabevi Yayınları.338571756_OZEL_EGITIM_KURUMLARINDA_GOREV_YAPAN_OGRETMENLERIN_MESLEKI_BENLIK_SAYGILARI_ILE_TUKENMISLIK_DUZEYLERININ_FARKLI_DEGISKENLERE_GORE_INCELENMESI
  36. • Kunter, M., & Holzberger, D. (2014). Research on teacher’ intrinsic orientations. In P.W.Richardson, S.A. Karabenick & H.M.G. Watt (Eds.), Teacher motivation: Theory and practice (pp. 83-99). London, England:Routledge.
  37. • Kyriakou, C. (1987) ‘Teacher stres and burnout: An international review’, Educational Research,29(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013188870290207
  38. • Hilel Lavian, R. (2003). The impact of organizational climate on burnout among homeroom teachers and special education teachers in regular schools Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Ben-Gurion University, BeerSheba, Israel (Hebrew).
  39. • Hilel Lavian, R. (2012). The impact of organizational climate on burnout among homeroom teachers and special education teachers (full classes/individual pupils) in mainstream schools. Teachers and Teaching: theory and practice 18(2), 233–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2012.632272
  40. • Langher, V., Caputo, A., & Ricci, M.E. (2017). The potential role of perceived support for reduction of special education teachers’ burnout. International Journal of Educational Psychology, 6(2), 120-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2017.2126
  41. • Luecke, R. (2011). İş dünyasında yenilik ve yaratıcılık (T. Parlak, Çev.). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları.
  42. • Platsidou, M. &Agaliotis, I. (2008) Burnout, job satisfaction and instructional assignment‐related sources of stress in Greek special education teachers, International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 55(1), 61-76.https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120701654613
  43. • Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2(2), 99-130. https://smlr.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/Documents/Faculty-Staff-Docs/TheMeasurementofExperiencedBurnout.pdf
  44. • Maslach, C. (1982). Burnout: The cost of caring. Englewood Cliffs, New jersey:Prentice Hall.
  45. • Memduhoğlu, U., Uçar, R. ve Uçar, H. U. (2017). Örnek uygulamalarla eğitimde yaratıcılık, yaratıcı okul, yaratıcı öğretmen. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  46. • Mearns, J. & Cain, J. E. (2003) ‘Relationships between teachers’ occupational stres and their burnout and distress: roles of coping and negativemood regulation expectancies’, Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 16(1), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/1061580021000057040
  47. • Nichols, A.S., & Sosnowsky, F. L. (2002). Burnout among special education teachers inself- contained cross-categorical classrooms. Teacher Education and Special Education, 15(2), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/088840640202500108
  48. • Oplatka, I. (2002). Women principals and the concept of burnout: an alternative voice? International Journal of Leadership in Education, 5(3), 211-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/136031200112873
  49. • Özgenel, M. ve Çetin, M. (2017). Marmara yaratıcı düşünme eğilimleri ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 46(46), 113- 132. https://doi.org/10.15285/maruaebd.335087
  50. • Pines, A. M. (2003). Occupational burnout: A cross-cultural İsraeli Jewish-Arab perspective and its implications for career counselling. Career Development International, 8(2), 97-106. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-01974-005
  51. • Platsidou, M. (2010). Trait emotional intelligence of Greek special education teachers in relation to burnout and job satisfaction, School Psychology International, 31(1), 60–76.https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034309360436
  52. • Platsidou, M. & Agaliotis, I. (2008). Burnout, job satisfaction and instructional assignment-related sources of stress in Greek special education teachers, International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 55(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120701654613
  53. • Robinson, O., Bridges, S., Rollins, N. & Schumacker, R. (2019). A study of the relation between special education burnout and job satisfaction. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 19(4), 295–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12448
  54. • Robinson, K. (2008). Yaratıcılık aklın sınırlarını aşmak (2. Baskı). Nihal Geylan Koldaş (ÇEv.). İstanbul: Kitap Yayınevi.
  55. • Roth, G. (2014). Antecedents and outcomes of teachers' autonomous motivation: A selfdetermination theory analysis. In P. W. Richardson, S. A. Karabenick & H. M. G. Watt (Eds.), Teacher motivation: Theory and practice (pp. 20-35). New York, NY: Routledge.
  56. • Saraç, I. (2018). Özel eğitim alanında çalışan öğretmenlerin tükenmişlik düzeyinin incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Maltepe Üniversitesi. https://openaccess.maltepe.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.12415/279/10201897.pdf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  57. • Sönmez, V. (2017). Öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  58. • Sucuoğlu, B. ve Kuloğlu Aksaz, N. (1996), Özürlü çocuklarla çalışan öğretmenlerde tükenmişliğin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(36), 44–60. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=1658297879338859540&hl=en&oi=scholarr
  59. • Şahin, F. & Şahin, D. (2012). Engelli bireylerle çalışan özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin tükenmişlik düzeyinin belirlenmesi. Öğretmen Eğitimi ve Eğitimcileri Dergisi, 1(2), 275-294. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262569120_Engelli_Bireylerle_Calisan_Ozel_Egitim_Ogretmenlerinin_Tukenmislik_Duzeyinin_Belirlenmesi
  60. • Talmor, R., Reiter, S., & Feigin, N. (2005). Factors relating to regular education teacher burnout in inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 20(2), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856250500055735
  61. • Türkdoğan, M. & Özgenel, M. (2021). Öğretmenlerin yaratıcı düşünme eğilimleri ile okul iklimi arasındaki ilişki, E-Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(1), 190-213.https://doi.org/10.19160/ijer.815200
  62. • Ugwoke, S.C. et all (2018). A rational-emotive stress management intervention for reducing job burnout and dysfunctional distress among special education teachers, An effect study. Medicine, 97(17),1-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000010475
  63. • Westman, M., & Etzion, D. (1999). The crossover of strain from school principals to teachers and vice versa. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4(3), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.4.3.269
  64. • Wisniewski, L. & Gargiulo, R. M. (1997). Occupational stres and burnout among special educators: A review of the literature. The Journal of Special Education, 31(3), 325-346. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022466970100303
  65. • Zabel, R. H., & Zabel, M. K. (2002). Burnout among special education teachers and perceptions of support. Journal of Special Education Leadership, 15(2), 67-73. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ659287